By Michael Harold Strickland
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Sear describes the circulation type of construction to have begun late in the first century AD with the rebuilding of the Baths of Agrippa as the Baths of Nero. Vitruvius wrote the Ten Books between 30 and 20 BC. If he knew about this type of construction then, it is curious that the practice was not used until almost a century later. Roman baths display the customs and style of living of a pleasure loving people. They were not only built for luxurious bathing, but were a place for social life, news, gossip, lectures, and games (board games, exercise, games with balls).
This produced a structure quite modern in appearance (as is seen in renderings of reconstructions). Many had balconies made of concrete or wood. The buildings had numerous windows facing alleys and streets, and were constructed with internal garden courts. Fletcher says window glass was rare, so folding shutters would have been used to cover windows when necessary. 49 Pliny discussed the use of transparent glass in the first century AD and Sear reinforces this by stating the use of window glass began about that time.
Some were built to cross valleys and other uneven land areas. Setbacks in some aqueducts were also used as bridges. Viaducts, bridges over land, were constructed using multiple arches because the catastrophic flood threat was not as great as for the river/water crossing. Bridges also often had a monumental nature due to their placement at city entrances, and along points of passage and they were often accompanied by triumphal arches. 51 An essential activity of the Empire was transportation and the bridge provided a critical component of this activity.