By Lawrence Kim
Did Homer inform the 'truth' concerning the Trojan warfare? if this is the case, how a lot, and if no longer, why no longer? the difficulty used to be infrequently educational to the Greeks residing below the Roman Empire, given the centrality of either Homer, the daddy of Greek tradition, and the Trojan struggle, the development that inaugurated Greek background, to conceptions of Imperial Hellenism. This ebook examines 4 Greek texts of the Imperial interval that tackle the subject - Strabo's Geography, Dio of Prusa's Trojan Oration, Lucian's novella real tales, and Philostratus' fictional discussion Heroicus - and exhibits how their innovative explorations of Homer and his courting to background increase vital questions about the character of poetry and fiction, the identification and intentions of Homer himself, and the importance of the heroic prior and Homeric authority in Imperial Greek culture.
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For instance, Ptolemy breezily deciphers Tiresias’ enigmatic prediction that Odysseus’ death will come “from the sea,” or ex halos (x l»v: Od. 134) by explaining that a witch (a former servant of Circe no less) used her drugs to turn Odysseus into a horse, whom she took care of until he grew old and died. Her name? 68 And most significantly for my purposes, he tells several unusual stories about Homer 63 64 65 66 67 68 On Ptolemy see Tomberg (1968); Bowersock (1994), 23–7; and especially Cameron (2006), 134–59.
But the Homer that emerges from Herodotus’ exegetical maneuvers is still a somewhat mysterious figure, faithful to his poetic imperatives yet eager to demonstrate, surreptitiously, his knowledge of the historical truth. Herodotus’ insistence, at the very earliest stages of the critical tradition, on simultaneously refuting and supporting Homer’s historical reliability exemplifies a deeply conflicted way of thinking about Homer’s relation to history that will be echoed (and comically exploited) throughout antiquity.
5). To many scholars, Herodotus’ decision to cite these passages reflects poorly on his reasoning ability. His explanation of the Iliad citation’s relevance – Syria borders on Egypt, the Phoenicians rule Sidon, and the Phoenicians live in Syria – is hardly satisfactory, given that it fails to prove that Paris went to Egypt. 49 But modern commentators, in dismissing the relevance of these citations, have forgotten that Herodotus is not claiming to have found unambiguous passages where Homer explicitly mentions elements of the Egyptian version; any such passage would clearly contradict Homer’s main narrative.