Download Wool: Science and Technology by W.S. Simpson, Geoff Crawshaw PDF

By W.S. Simpson, Geoff Crawshaw

The wool has been via a interval of considerable switch, with a massive overhaul of buying and selling equipment, fascinating techniques in wool-scouring and wool processing equipment, and the improvement of recent expertise reflecting a powerful emphasis on environmental matters and effort conservation. examine into wool technology has endured to develop, and the technologist now has a greater figuring out of either the chemical and the actual houses of wool. glossy tools can ascertain the structural adjustments among various kinds of wool proteins and the way they have interaction, and this information is resulting in a deeper figuring out of what might be performed to create higher items and more advantageous strategies. Wool: technological know-how and technology is a vital reference source for an individual interested in the global wool even if as processor, producer, or consumer for the garment and carpets trades.

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Example text

The mechanical action may be derived from drums with teeth (see Fig. The former types are often used by scourers of fine wools, while the latter are favoured by the commission scourers in the UK for handling rolled fleeces. Feed-hoppers are machines with multiple roles of feed-rate regulation, opening and wool containment. They have a spiked lattice which carries the wool out of the hopper for delivery to the next stage of the process (see Fig. 3). Drum openers most commonly have two drums (Fig.

Synthetic detergents have largely displaced soap, but aqueous scouring has remained the principal method. 1,3 Conventional aqueous scouring removes the woolgrease in emulsion, the suint in solution and the dirt in suspension. Solvent scouring removes the woolgrease in solution, and removes both the dirt and suint in suspension. 1 Types of materials used have included gypsum, kieselguhr, aluminium silicate, and bran. 4 Many developments in woolscouring and effluent treatment have been commercialised over the last 30 years, several of which originated in work carried out in the research laboratories of WRONZ (New Zealand) and CSIRO (Australia).

Greasy wool is opened to facilitate the removal of contaminants in the scour, and to assist the blending process. Opener-duster machines are also used to remove dirt and VM prior to scouring, which reduces the solids loadings in the liquors and effluent. After scouring and drying, wool is opened to assist its transport by pneumatic conveying, to help even-out the moisture distribution in the wool mat, and to facilitate further dusting of the wool. 1 Dag and slipe wools in particular will benefit from such treatment.

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