By Gilbert J. Gorski, James E. Packer
The Roman discussion board was once in lots of methods the guts of the Roman Empire. this day, the discussion board exists in a fragmentary nation, having been destroyed and plundered by means of barbarians, aristocrats, voters, and monks over the last millennia. sufficient is still, even though, for archaeologists to reconstruct its extraordinary structures and monuments. This richly illustrated quantity presents an architectural historical past of the primary part of the Roman discussion board throughout the Empire (31 BCE-476 CE), from the Temple of Julius Caesar to the monuments at the slope of the Capitoline hill. Bringing jointly state-of-the-art know-how in architectural representation and the services of a trendy Roman archaeologist, this booklet deals a different reconstruction of the discussion board, delivering architectural background, a precis of every building's excavation and examine, scaled electronic plans, elevations, and reconstructed aerial photographs that not just make clear the Forum's historical past yet vividly carry it to lifestyles. With this ebook, students, scholars, architects, and artists can be capable of visualize for the 1st time on account that antiquity the nature, layout, and visual appeal of the recognized center of old Rome.
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Extra resources for The Roman Forum: A Reconstruction and Architectural Guide
Sample text
5) and parts of the original travertine piers. Like the Basilica Aemilia, there was an exterior arcade decorated with engaged Doric columns (Figs. 10–17). Although two columns on the west facade preserve attic bases and parts of unfluted shafts (Fig. 15), they may not have reproduced their Augustan predecessors precisely. 101 On Augustus’ interior, we have no exact information, but, like its Diocletianic successor (Figs. 104 There would also have been painted stucco decorations on the piers and vaults around the nave,105 and, for both decoration and propaganda, there were probably figured reliefs like those in the Aemilia.
Thereafter, builders for whom expense was unimportant chose marble. Dense and easily carved, it supported details more finely worked than those in stucco and was far more durable. Indeed, for designers of expensive, lavishly executed luxury projects, like the mid-secondcentury round temple in the Forum Boarium,33 Pentelic marble was a favored if prohibitively expensive material. 34 Consequently, for costly temples, most exterior fittings, revetments, and tiles were of white Luna marble. For particularly fine work like statues or delicately carved reliefs, Augustus still imported Pentelic marble from Athens, Proconnesian marble from the island of Proconnesus in the Sea of Marmara off the northwest coast of modern Turkey, or marble from the Aegean Island of Thasos.
The fire that destroyed Caesar’s Basilica Julia before 12 also damaged the Temple of Castor, and Tiberius may have begun work on the building during the reconstruction of the Basilica. The size and complexity of the temple meant, however, that its rebuilding proceeded slowly; and, before it was complete, family problems (Augustus’ preference for his grandsons, Gaius and Lucius Caesar; the serial infidelities of Tiberius’ wife, Augustus’ daughter Julia) forced Tiberius to retire to Rhodes in 6. Eight years later (2 CE), he returned to Rome, and with the deaths of Lucius that same year and of Gaius two years later, Augustus finally recognized him as his official heir.